The Explanation of Hadith Jibril about Iman - شرح حديث جبريل عن الإيمان - Page 8
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وليُعلَم أن كلَّ الأنبياءِ فُصحاءُ فليس فيهم أرتُ وهو الذي يكونُ في لسانه عقدة وحُبسَةْ ويَعْجَلُ في كَلامِهِ فلا يُطاوعِهُ لسانهُ، ولا تَأتَاءُ ولا ألثغُ، وأمّا الألثغُ فهو الذي يُصَيّرُ الراءَ غينًا أو لامًا والسّينَ ثاءً.
Let it be known that all the prophets were eloquent; there was no one among them whose tongue stammered; i.e. the one who speaks with a twitch or speaks in a hurry so his tongue betrays him. Also, none of them stutters or lisps.
وأنَّه يستحيلُ عليهم سَبقُ اللِسان في الشَّرعياتِ والعاديّاتِ، لأنّه لو جازَ عليهم لارتفعت الثّقةُ في صحّةِ ما يقولونه، ولقالَ قائلٌ لَمَا يُبلغهُ كَلامٌ عن النبيِّ "ما يدرينا أنّه يكون قالَهُ على وجهِ سَبقِ اللِسان"، فلا يحصُلُ من النّبي أن يَصدُرَ منه كَلاَمٌ غيرُ الذي أرادَ قوله، أو أن يَصدُرَ منه كلامٌ ما أرادَ قوله بالمرّةِ كما يحصُلُ لمن يتكلم وهو نائمٌ.
It is impossible that they would have a slip of tongue either in the Religious matters or in the matters of the daily life. Because if this would be permissible for them, then there will be no confidence in what they say; some would then say: “How do we know if what he said was just a slip of a tongue.” So the prophet would not say words other than what he wanted to say, nor would he say words which he did not intend to say at all, as what happens with the one who speaks while he is sleeping.
والأنبياءُ هم من البشر، فلا تُوجّدُ نُبُوةٌ في غَيرِ البَشَرِ وَهُمْ ذُكورٌ، لا يوجدُ أنبياء في النساء وهؤلاء هم خِيرَةُ البَشَرِ وَهُم صَفوةُ البَشَرِ؛ اللهُ اختارَ مِنَ البَشَرِ هؤلاء ليُبَلِغوا النَّاسَ مَصالِحَ دينهم ودنياهُم.
Prophets are humans, there is no prophethood in other than the humans; they are males; there are no prophets among the females. They are the best humans; the elite of the humans; Allah ta^ala chose them from among the humans so that they will convey to people what is right for them Religiously and what is right for them among the worldly matters.
واللهُ تعالى جَعَلَ للأنبياءِ صِفاتٌ تَختَصُ بِهِم مَع أنهُم من البشرِ، ومِن هَذِهِ الصِفات أنهم كلهم مسلمون من أول ما خلقهم الله كانوا مسلمين ليس فيهم مَنْ كَانَ يَعْبُدُ غَيرَ الله بَلْ هُم مِنْ أَولِ نشأتِهِم كانوا على الإيمانِ يؤمِنونَ بِأَنَ اللهَ واحِدٌ لا شَريكَ لَهُ.
سَيِّدُنا إبراهيم عليه السلام كَانَ أبوهُ يَنحَتُ الأَصنامَ وَيَعبُدُهَا، فإبراهيمُ كَسَرَهَا، كَانَ يَقولُ لأبيهِ ما ذَكَرَهُ اللهُ في القرءانِ الكَريم، قال تعالى: ﴿وَاذْكُرْ فِي الْكِتَابِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِنَّهُ كَانَ صِدِّيقًا نَّبِيًّا إِذْ قَالَ لأَبِيهِ يَآ أَبَتِ لِمَ تَعْبُدُ مَا لا يَسْمَعُ وَلا يُبْصِرُ وَلا يُغْنِي عَنكَ شَيْئًا﴾ سورة مريم 41 – 42. مَع أَنَّهُ نشأَ في بَيتِ رَجُلٍ يَعمَلُ الأَصنَامَ قال لأبيهِ ذَلِكَ.
Allah ta^ala specified the prophets, although they are humans, with attributes which befit them, among that is that all of them are Muslims; since Allah created them they were Muslims; no one of them was worshipping other than Allah; since they were created they carried the belief that Allah is One with no partner with Him.
Our Master Ibrahim’s father used to sculpture and worship the idols, Ibrahim destroyed them. He used to say to his father as Allah mentioned in the Qur’an in Surat Maryam, Verses 41-42 stated above which means: “O father, how would you worship what does not listen, does not see, and does not bring you any benefit, and does not protect you from any harm.” Although he was raised in a house of a man who used to make idols, he said that to his father.
قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالى: ﴿مَا كَانَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ يَهُودِيًّا وَلاَ نَصْرَانِيًّا وَلَكِن كَانَ حَنِيفًا مُّسْلِمًا وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ﴾ سورة ءال عمران / 67. هذه الآية فيها تَبرِئَةُ إبراهيم مما يُفتَرى عَلَيهِ. أَمَّا ما جاءَ في القُرءانِ الكَريمِ عن إِبراهيم أنه لما رأى الكوكب قال ﴿هَذَا رَبِّي﴾ سورة الأنعام / 76. فلما أَفَلَ قَالَ: ﴿لآ أُحِبُّ الأَفِلِينَ﴾ سورة الأنعام / 76 . ثُمَ لما رأى القمر بازغًا قَالَ: ﴿هَذَا رَبِّي) سورة الأنعام / 77. ثم لما أفل قال كما قال أولاً، ثم لما رأى الشمس بازِغَةً قال: ﴿هَذَا رَبِّي هَذَآ أَكْبَرُ﴾ سورة الأنعام / 78. أي على زعمكم؛ ثُمَّ لَمَّا غَابَت الشمسُ أَعلَنَ براءته مما يعبدون من دونِ الله. هذه الآياتُ ليس معناها أن إبراهيم عَبَدَ أَولاً الكوكب ثم القمر ثم الشمس، إبراهيم كان شديد الذكاء كان يريد أن يقيم الحجة على قَومِهِ الكفار الذينَ كانوا يعبدونَ النجومَ والشمسَ وَالقَمَرَ، فماذا فعل؟ انتظر حَتَىَ طَلَعَ القمرَ فقال: ﴿هَذَا رَبِّي﴾ هذا استفهام إِنكَاري.
Allah said in the Qur’an:
﴿مَا كَانَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ يَهُودِيًّا وَلاَ نَصْرَانِيًّا وَلَكِن كَانَ حَنِيفًا مُّسْلِمًا وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ﴾
It means: “Ibrahim was never a Jew or a Christian, yet he was a
Muslim worshipper; he was never a blasphemer.”
This verse clears Ibrahim of what is fabricated against him. As for what was said in the Qur’an about Ibrahim that he said:
﴿هَذَا رَبِّي﴾
When Ibrahim said: “Hadha Rabbi?!” that he was referring to the sun, moon, and the star; he was not stating his agreement with his people in worshipping those things, nor these verses meant he worshipped the planet first, then he worshipped the moon and then he worshipped the sun. Rather his statement was to negate and oppose what they said. This is a form of expression in Arabic called negative interrogative, (i.e., a way of expressing one’s strong denial of a matter by posing a question which clearly shows that the matter is ridiculous or totally unacceptable.)
مَثلاً يَقولُ لَكَ إِنسانٌ: "فُلانٌ حَسَنُ الخُلُقِ"، تَمْكُثُ مَعَهُ فَترةً فتجده سئ الخلق فتقولُ لذاكَ: "هذا حسن الخلق؟" ماذا معناه؟ مَعنَاهُ أنَّ هذا ليس حَسَنُ الخُلُق. الصيغة صيغة سؤال لكن المقصود إٍِنكَارُ الأمرِ أنت تعرف الجواب لا تنتظر الجواب أنت تُنكِرُ عَلَيهِ؛ إِبراهيمُ قَالَ: ﴿هَذَا رَبِّي﴾ أََي هذا الذي تزعمون ربي؟ انتظَرَ القمر حتى غَابَ حَتَىَ تَغَيَرَت حَاله من الظهور إلى الخفاء وحالُ الخَفَاءِ فيه إشارةٌ أكثر للضعفِ إِختَارَ تَلكَ اللحظة فقال: ﴿لآ أُحِبُّ الأَفِلِينَ﴾ هذا يتغيرُ من حالٍ إِلى حال والمُتَغَيِّرُ يَحتاجُ إِلى مَنُ غَيَّرَهُ. فأيِسَ مِنهُم من عدم انتباههم وَفَهمهم للمراد أي أّنَّ هؤلاء الثلاثة لا يصلحون للألوهية فتبرأ مما هم عليه من الشرك، ثُمَ لم يمكث فيهم بل ذهب إِلى فلسطين فأقام هناك وتوفي فيها. وأمّأ إِبراهيم في حَدِّ ذاتِهِ كَانَ يعلمُ قبل ذلك أن الربوبيَّة لا تكون إِلا لِلَّهِ بدليل قوله تعالى: ﴿وَلَقَدْ ءاتَيْنَآ إِبْرَاهِيمَ رُشْدَهُ مِن قَبْلُ﴾ سورة الأنبياء / 51.
For example, somebody says to you: “So and so has good conduct.” You would then spend sometime with him and find out that he has bad conduct, you would then say to that person: “This one has good conduct?!” What does this mean? It means this one does not have good conduct. This is a form of expression in Arabic called negative interrogative, when you are saying that to him you are not waiting for an answer. Rather, you are strongly denying this matter by posing a question which clearly shows that the matter is ridiculous or totally unacceptable.
Ibrahim said: “Hadha Rabbi?!” It means: Is this what you claim to be my lord? He waited for the moon until it disappeared, i.e., until its status changed from appearance to disappearance; the status of disappearance is more indicative about weakness. So he waited for that moment and said:
﴿لآ أُحِبُّ الأَفِلِينَ﴾
He told them that this one changes from on state to another, and the one who changes from one state to another needs one who makes it change from one state to another. So he gave up on them since they were not attentive to what he was saying and did not understand what is meant that these three: the sun, the moon, and the planet do not deserve to be worshipped.
So he showed them that he does not acknowledge the shirk (associating partners with Allah) they are committing, after that he did not stay with them; he went to Palestine and resided there until he died therein. As for Ibrahim personally, he definitely used to know from before that Allah is the Only Lord as stated in Allah’s saying in Verse 51 of Surat al-Anbiya’:
﴿وَلَقَدْ ءاتَيْنَآ إِبْرَاهِيمَ رُشْدَهُ مِن قَبْلُ﴾
هو قَطٌ ولو للحظةٍ واحدةٍ في قلبه لم يعبد غير الله، قَبْلَ هَذِهِ الحادثة إِبراهيمُ عَلَيهِ السَّلاَمُ كَانَ على الإسلام، أنبياءُ اللهِ تَعَالى اللهُ يَعصمهُم مِنَ الكُفْرِ قَبْلَ النُبُوَةِ وَبَعْدَهَا؛ مُوسَى عَلَيهِ السَّلاَمُ نَشَأَ في بيتِ فِرعون الذي كان يقولُ "أَنَا رَبُّكُمُ الأَعْلَى" مَع ذَلِكَ موسى نَشأَ على الإِيمَان، ألَيسَ تَبَنَاهُ فرعون واتخذَهُ وَلَدًا ومع ذلك موسى نشأ على الإيمان.
وَمَعلومٌ أَنَّ نَبينا محمد صلى اللهُ عليه وسلم نشأ في قَومٍ يَصنَعونَ الأصنامَ، أَمَّا هُوَ مَا سَجَدَ لِصَنَمٍ قَط.
Ibrahim peace be upon him, never worshipped other than Allah for one moment; Ibrahim was on Islam before that incident. Allah ta^ala makes the prophets impeccable of committing blasphemy before and after prophethood. Musa was raised in the house of Pharaoh, who used to say: “I am your highest lord.” Didn’t Pharaoh adopt him and take him as a son; nevertheless, he was raised with Belief (Iman).
It is also known that our Prophet Muhammad, sallallahu ^alayhi wa sallam, was raised amongst people who were making idols, as for himself he never prostrated to an idol.
وكذلِكَ من صفاتهم أنهم كلهم موصفون بالصِدقِ لَيسَ فيهِم من يَكذِبُ لأنَ الصدق مِنَ الصِفَاتِ الواجِبَةِ للأنبياءِ. فالنبيُّ لا يأتي الكذبة التي فيها ضررٌ بِمُسلِمٍ والتي ليس فيها ضررٌ بمسلم، الكَذِبَةُ التي هي من الصغائر والكذبة التي هي من الكبائر النَبيُّ لا يأتيها لاَ قَبلَ النُبُوَةِ وَلاَ بَعْدَهَا، النَبيُّ لا يكذب مُطْلَقًا لأَنَّ الكَاذِبَ كَيفَ يُصَدِقَهُ النَّاس فيما يُبَلِغٌ إِلَيهِم، النَّاس لا يُصَدِقُونَ ذَلِكَ.
Also, among their attributes is that they are attributed with truthfulness, no one among them commits a lie, for truthfulness is among the attributes which the prophets must be attributed with. The prophet does not commit a lie whether it causes harm to a Muslim or does not cause harm to a Muslim. The prophet does not commit a lie be it among the small sins or among the enormous sins, neither before nor after prophethood. The prophet never lies, because how else would people believe a liar in what he is conveying to them; people would not believe that.
لو جازَ الكذب على النبي لارتفعت الثقة بما يَقُوله عند النَّاس كانوا يقولون: وَمَا يُدرينا أَنَّ هَذِهِ كذبةٌ مِثلُ تِلك، لذلك ربُنا عَزَّ وَجَلَّ اصطفى أنبياؤه وعصمهم عن الكذب قبل النبوة وبعدها. وأمَّا قولُ إِبراهيم عليه السلام عن زوجته سارة "إنها أختي" وهي ليست أخته في النَّسب فكان لأنها أختُه في الدِّينِ بَغَرَضِ صيانتها من أَذى الجبار فهو ليس كذبًا من حيث الباطن والحقيقة إنما هو صِدْقٌ.
Had it been permissible that the prophet would commit a lie, then people would have never believed what he says to them; they would say: How would we know if this is a lie like the other one or not? That is why Allah the Exalted had made His prophets impeccable before and after prophethood. As for Ibrahim’s saying about Sarah: “She is my sister.” while she is not his sister from the same father and mother; he said that because she was his sister in Islam and phrased this meaning as such to protect her from the harm of the despiteful king aj-Jabbar; so this is not a lie in reality and essence, rather his saying is truthful.